Which miRNA is linked to cancer?
discovered miR-148a, and miR-34b/c cluster is subject to specific hypermethylation-associated silencing in cancer cells. Moreover, restoration of these miRNAs in cancer cells inhibited their motility, reduced tumor growth and inhibited metastasis formation in vivo.
How does miRNA affect cancer?
MiRNAs may function as either oncogenes or tumor suppressors under certain conditions. The dysregulated miRNAs have been shown to affect the hallmarks of cancer, including sustaining proliferative signaling, evading growth suppressors, resisting cell death, activating invasion and metastasis, and inducing angiogenesis.
How is miRNA measured?
Typical methods used to measure miRNA include extraction from tissue or cells of interest followed by Northern blot or reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
What is miR-712 pre-mRNA sequence?
Pre-mRNA sequence of miR-712 is generated from the murine ribosomal RN45s gene at the internal transcribed spacer region 2 (ITS2). XRN1 is an exonuclease that degrades the ITS2 region during processing of RN45s.
Can microRNA-712 predict atherosclerosis?
Murine microRNA-712 is a potential biomarker (i.e. predictor) for atherosclerosis, a cardiovascular disease of the arterial wall associated with lipid retention and inflammation. Non-laminar blood flow also correlates with development of atherosclerosis as mechanosenors of endothelial cells respond to the shear force of disturbed flow (d-flow).
What is the mechanism of action of miR-712 on Xrn1?
XRN1 is an exonuclease that degrades the ITS2 region during processing of RN45s. Reduction of XRN1 under d-flow conditions therefore leads to the accumulation of miR-712. MiR-712 targets tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 3 (TIMP3).
Is miR-712 flow-sensitive in endothelial cells?
Within 24 hours, pre-existing immature miR-712 formed mature miR-712 suggesting that miR-712 is flow-sensitive. Coinciding with these results, miR-712 is also upregulated in endothelial cells exposed to naturally occurring d-flow in the greater curvature of the aortic arch.