What is an objectionable organism?
An objectionable organism is one which can either cause illness or degrade the product thus making. it less effective. The FDA says that “appropriate written procedures designed to prevent.
What is objectionable substance?
Objectionable substances are substances that are unsuitable for discharge into watercourses without treatment. Objectionable substances, which could include bilge water, smoke, fuel oil, grease, drainage and other solid or semi-solid wastes, shall not contaminate the fish and shellfish.
Which bacteria is used in pharmaceutical industry?
In the pharmaceutical industry, bacteria are used to produce antibiotics, vaccines, and medically-useful enzymes. Most antibiotics are made by bacteria that live in soil. Actinomycetes such as Streptomyces produce tetracyclines, erythromycin, streptomycin, rifamycin and ivermectin.
How is microbial contamination detected in pharmaceuticals?
Common test formats for microbial food testing are ELISA assays, real-time PCR tests, nutrient plates and agar plates. For detection of pathogenic bacteria, immunological based methods (ELISA) are available.
What is the role of microorganisms in pharmaceutical industry?
Microbes are also used in pharmaceutical industries for synthesis of chemical drugs, chemical compounds and other compounds. It also leads to discovery of cell mechanisms allows pharmacists to discover antimicrobial drugs that would prevent an escalating number of communicable diseases.
What is Bile tolerant Gram negative bacteria?
What are “the Bile-tolerant Gram-negative bacteria”? They include, Gram negative bacteria that grow in the presence of bile salts, non-lactose fermenting but able to utilize glucose, e.g., some Bile Tolerant Gram Negative Bacteria includes members of the family Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonads and Aeromonas.
How would you decide if a microbial contaminant found in your formulation is an objectionable organism?
In order to determine if an organism is objectionable, the manufacturer must consider the risk imposed by the organism. Factors to take into consideration are the microorganism’s characteristics, the route of administration of the drug, the nature of the product and the intended recipient.
Which microorganisms can be eaten?
List of Useful Microorganisns Used In preparation Of Food And Beverage
| MICROORGANISM | TYPE ( Bacterium / Fungus ) | FOOD / BEVERAGE |
|---|---|---|
| Lactobacillus acidophilus | bacterium | vegetables |
| Lactobacillus acidophilus | bacterium | dairy yogurt |
| Lactobacillus alimentarius | bacterium | fish |
| Lactobacillus alimentarius | bacterium | meat |
What are the common microorganisms found in contaminated pharmaceutical products?
The majority of contaminants of pharmaceutical products and ingredients are bacteria, yeast and filamentous fungi (mould). Some of these contaminants may be pathogenic while others grow as commensals even in the presence of preservatives and spoil products [4].
Why are microorganisms important in medicine?
Microorganisms are used in large scale manufacturing of vaccines against diseases like influenza flu, polio, BCG etc. with the evolution of sophisticated technology, identification of specific antigens is being done easily which further helps in development of vaccines with the help of microorganisms.