What are the 2 basic structure of glycosides?
The sugar group is then known as the glycone and the non-sugar group as the aglycone or genin part of the glycoside. The glycone can consist of a single sugar group (monosaccharide), two sugar groups (disaccharide), or several sugar groups (oligosaccharide).
What are saponin glycosides?
Saponin Glycosides are the plant glycosides possessing a distinct property of forming soapy lather in water. Saponins on hydrolysis give sugars (glucose, galactose, rhamnose or xylose, etc.) and aglycones (sapogenin). Chemically, sapogenins are characterized by the presence of a spiroketal side-chain.
What are anthraquinone glycosides?
Anthraquinone glycosides are a series of major active ingredients found in all three species. They are key intermediates in the anthraquinone secondary metabolism and the sennnoside biosynthesis. The variation of the anthraquinone glycoside content in rhubarb in response to specific factors remains an attractive topic.
What are cardiac glycoside drugs?
Cardiac glycosides are medicines for treating heart failure and certain irregular heartbeats. They are one of several classes of drugs used to treat the heart and related conditions.
What are glycosides give examples and functions of two glycosides?
3.5. 1.4 Glycosides
Glycosides | Action |
---|---|
Coumarin | Dilate coronary arteries, block calcium channels, antispasmodics, antibiotics |
Flavonoid glycosides | Strengthen blood capillaries by decreasing its fragility, antioxidant effect |
Saponin | Expectorant, antiinflammatory effects, diuretics, and urinary tract disinfectants |
What are N glycosides?
Abstract. N-glycosides are generated when a sugar component is attached to an aglycon, through a nitrogen atom, establishing as a result a C–N–C linkage. Nucleosides are among the most relevant N-glycosides since they are essential components of DNA, RNA, cofactors, and a variety of antiviral and antineoplastic drugs.
How many saponins are there?
There are 11 main classes of saponins: dammaranes, tirucallanes, lupanes, hopanes, oleananes, taraxasteranes, ursanes, cycloartanes, lanostanes, cucurbitanes, and steroids. The oleanane skeleton is the most common, present in most orders of the Plant Kingdom [15, 16].
Which one is source of anthraquinone?
Natural pigments that are derivatives of anthraquinone are found in plants (e.g. aloe latex, senna and rhubarb), fungi, lichens and some insects (HSDB, 2010).
What is anthraquinone used for?
Besides their utilization as colorants, anthraquinone derivatives have been used since centuries for medical applications, for example, as laxatives and antimicrobial and antiinflammatory agents. Current therapeutic indications include constipation, arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and cancer.
Is dobutamine a cardiac glycosides?
Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside and dobutamine is a synthetic catecholamine.
What are the different types of cardiac glycosides?
Clinically used cardiac glycoside-based drugs are digoxigenin, digoxin, deacetyl glucoside, and venomous glucosinolate K, which have similar pharmacodynamic characteristics, but different pharmacokinetic properties and drug effects.